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Unbiased All-Optical Random-Number Generator

机译:无偏全光随机数发生器

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摘要

The generation of random bits is of enormous importance in modern informationscience. Cryptographic security is based on random numbers which require aphysical process for their generation. This is commonly performed by hardwarerandom number generators. These exhibit often a number of problems, namelyexperimental bias, memory in the system, and other technical subtleties, whichreduce the reliability in the entropy estimation. Further, the generatedoutcome has to be post-processed to "iron out" such spurious effects. Here, wepresent a purely optical randomness generator, based on the bi-stable output ofan optical parametric oscillator. Detector noise plays no role and no furtherpost-processing is required. Upon entering the bi-stable regime, initially theresulting output phase depends on vacuum fluctuations. Later, the phase isrigidly locked and can be well determined versus a pulse train, which isderived from the pump laser. This delivers an ambiguity-free output, which isreliably detected and associated with a binary outcome. The resulting randombit stream resembles a perfect coin toss and passes all relevant randomnessmeasures. The random nature of the generated binary outcome is furthermoreconfirmed by an analysis of resulting conditional entropies.
机译:随机比特的产生在现代信息科学中极为重要。密码安全性基于随机数,而随机数需要经过物理过程才能生成。这通常由硬件随机数生成器执行。这些通常表现出许多问题,即实验偏差,系统中的存储以及其他技术细节,这降低了熵估计的可靠性。此外,必须对生成的结果进行后处理,以“消除”这种虚假效果。在这里,我们提出了一个基于光学参量振荡器的双稳态输出的纯光学随机性发生器。检测器噪声不起作用,不需要进一步的后处理。在进入双稳态状态时,最初导致的输出相位取决于真空波动。后来,相位被严格锁定,并且相对于由泵浦激光器得出的脉冲序列可以很好地确定相位。这提供了无歧义的输出,该输出被可靠地检测到并与二进制结果相关联。产生的随机比特流类似于一次完美的抛硬币,并通过了所有相关的随机性度量。生成的二进制结果的随机性质还可以通过对结果条件熵的分析得到确认。

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